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10 Best CPU For PC

By Mawar F Post a Comment
CPU is the heart of every computer, nothing works without it. Which processor is installed has a big influence on the performance and working speed of a PC. For example, PC gamers and computers used by graphic designers or amateur videographers are in dire need of a computing unit. At the same time, the selection of the best CPU processors for PCs is now so large that it is difficult to identify which model is suitable for your own purposes even though there are really only two manufacturers with Intel and AMD.

best CPU


The following CPU comparison presents the 10 processors and highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each model. In the next guide, there's decision-making help to provide - for example, what to look out for when buying a CPU. In addition, the text explains various technical terms and provides tips for the right processor. It's about the appropriate CPU temperature and different types of cooling. In addition, this guide contains detailed information about the structure of the CPU and how the processor works, and much more.

The 10 best CPUs for PCs in a big comparison

1. CPU AMD RYZEN 9 5900x
  • CPU Manufacturer AMD
  • Ryzen 9 . CPU Models
  • CPU Speed ​​3.7 GHz
  • Sockel AM4 CPU socket
  • Linux Platforms, Windows
  • Secondary cache 4 MB
  • Watts 105
  • 70 . cache size
  • Number of processors 12
The RYZEN 9 5900x CPU from AMD is a twelve-core processor that sits in the AM4 socket. Core stands for core. A computing or processor core (core) as a computing unit is a central part of a CPU. Many contain many cores in one chip. A socket is a socket device for the processor on the motherboard and is significantly different for AMD and Intel CPUs.

With 24 threads, AMD's CPU meets the requirements for Hyper-Threading. Their clock speed at the base clock frequency is 3.7 gigahertz, the maximum boost clock with Precision Boost 2 is 4.8 gigahertz. Core relies on the Zen 3 architecture, which means richer and more flexible resources, more load and memory bandwidth for execution, and an optimized interface to capture and process running processes faster.

Performance and large cache for PC gaming: The performance and large cache of AMD's RYZEN 9 5900x make it an ideal CPU for use in gaming PCs. The total L1 cache is 768 kilobytes, the total L2 cache is 6 megabytes, and the total L3 cache is 64 megabytes.

This is a box version where the cooler is part of the box content. This is a standard cooler. For demanding gaming systems, the cooling performance may not be sufficient, as several factors play a role in the development of heat in the PC case. Especially when a user has a lot of options for overclocking they want to use, a more powerful cooler is essential.

AMD 500 chipset compatible only: AMD's RYZEN 9 5900x is only compatible with compatible motherboards equipped with the AMD 500 series chipset. Older motherboards may also need to be replaced.

With the Ryzen Master program, AMD offers an internal solution for CPU overclocking. This allows the processor to be overclocked automatically. There is also an overview of the most important system parameters such as temperature, speed and voltage.

What does cache mean for CPU speed? Cache is buffer memory. The preloaded data is temporarily stored here and is therefore quickly available when needed. The bigger the cache, the higher the CPU speed. The cache is divided into units. They are named, for example, by L1, L2 and L3 – L stands for level. This guide describes other terms that come up frequently in relation to processors after CPU comparisons.

Advantages
  • Powerful performance and large cache
  • Box version with cooler
  • Widely overclockable
Deficiency
  • No graphics unit
2. CPU Intel Core i7-9700K
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • Core i7 . Family CPU Models
  • CPU Speed ​​3.6 GHz
  • LGA 1151 . CPU socket
  • Non-Machine-only Platform
  • Secondary cache 2 MB
  • watts 95
  • Cache size 12
  • Number of processors 8
The Core i7-9700K CPU from Intel is an octa-core processor, having eight cores and eight threads. Hyper Threading is not provided. How much performance is lost as a result depends on the individual application. With the ninth generation of the Intel Core series, the manufacturer introduced a refresh (=update) of the Coffee Lake architecture. Coffee Lake is the code name for the processor microarchitecture from Intel. It was introduced in the fourth quarter of 2017. The ninth generation processors released in 2018 and 2019 were named Coffee Lake Refresh.

What is a PCIe or PCIe lane? PCI stands for Peripheral Component Interconnect. This is the standard interface for connecting the graphics card and many of the onboard components to the mainboard. PCIe, short for PCI Express, is the current standard and has replaced the common PCI interface until 2004. It allows fast data exchange, for example between the CPU and graphics card. PCIe uses so-called lanes for data transmission, each consisting of four lanes of conductors or cables. Two of the four traces are used for sending data and two for receiving data. To increase data throughput, it is possible to combine individual lines. For example, a graphics card with up to 16 lines can be connected.

The base clock frequency of the eight cores is 3.6 gigahertz, with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 technology or boost clocking that brings the CPU to a maximum clock speed of 4.9 gigahertz. If that's not enough for you, use the overclocking options released by Intel and get more performance out of the CPU. According to the manufacturer, the soldered heat dissipation should prevent overheating.

In terms of gaming performance, the i7-9700K is able to compete with its older brother, the Intel Core i9-9900K. One reason is that the i7 processor with Intel UHD 630 graphics with a base clock frequency (rendering clock frequency) of 350 megahertz is equipped with a better graphics chipset. According to the manufacturer, it offers improved media conversion (transfer of files from one file format to another) and fast frame rates. The maximum video memory of the graphics is 64 gigabytes and support for 4K ( movie formats such as UHD ) should ensure sharp images. The maximum resolution when transmitting via HDMI with a refresh rate of 24 Hertz is 4,096 x 2,304 pixels.

Intel Core i7-9700K CPU supports Intel Optane memory. This technology speeds up access to frequently used applications. This works because memory is able to learn to remember which programs are used the most. This avoids the performance loss caused by background processes. Processor power consumption is 95 watts.

Advantages
  • Strong
  • Integrated graphics
  • Intel Optane memory support
Deficiency
  • No Hyper Threading
  • No cooler included in the box version
3. CPU AMD RYZEN 5 3600
  • CPU Manufacturer AMD
  • CPU Model Unknown
  • CPU speed 4.2 GHz
  • Sockel AM4 CPU socket
  • Windows Platforms
  • Secondary cache 3 MB
  • Watts 65
  • Cache size 32
  • Number of processors 6
Six cores work in the AMD RYZEN 5 3600 CPU. The number of threads the manufacturer specifies twelve, each core can switch between the two tasks to be processed. The CPU sits in the AM4 socket, the mainboard must be compatible with the AMD processor.

The socket must match the CPU. There is a clear difference between AMD and Intel processors in terms of the position of the pins attached to the processing unit. Not every processor fits on every motherboard. Therefore, before buying a CPU, it is important to check its compatibility with the mainboard.

The base clock speed is 3.6 gigahertz, in turbo mode the AMD CPU reaches clock speeds of up to 4.2 gigahertz. The manufacturer has six cores for overclockingApproved. It offers the possibility of using the AMD RYZEN Master overclocking tool to get better performance from the processor. Therefore, this CPU is very suitable for playing games.

AMD's RYZEN 5 3600 processor comes as a box version with a cooler. The CPU has a Wraith Stealth cooler, the smallest model among AMD's Wraith cooling solutions. The L1 cache is 384 kilobytes, the L2 cache is 3 megabytes and the L3 cache is 32 megabytes. The central processing unit supports DDR4 memory types.

Advantages
  • Box version with cooler
  • Good performance in game
  • Hyper Threading
Deficiency
  • No graphics unit
4. CPU Intel Core i7-10700K
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • CPU speed 3.8 GHz
  • Secondary cache 16 MB
  • Watts 125
  • Cache size 16
  • Number of processors 1
The Intel CPU of the Core i7-10700K model is eight cores and supports 16 threads– Two task queues per core. The processor fits into the FCLGA1200 socket. Whoever decides the processor should check first if the mainboard is suitable for this CPU.

High boost clock frequency for more computing power: CPU base clock frequency is 3.8 gigahertz. The maximum clock speed or turbo clock frequency is 5.1 gigahertz which is great. If necessary, it allows dynamic adjustment of computing power at a high rate.

There is no need to install a graphics card in the PC, because the Core i7-10700K processor is equipped with a graphics chipset. Intel UHD Graphics 630 accesses 64 gigabytes of memory. The maximum resolution via HDMI is 4096 x 2160 pixels. Like many Intel processors, Intel CPUs support Intel Optane memory. Even though it is a box version, cooling is not included. So that the processor does not overheat during operation, the user must find a suitable cooling solution himself.

What is the difference between a graphics chip and a graphics card? Unlike a dedicated graphics card, a graphics chipset does not have its own video memory. The chip uses the computer's main memory. Therefore, graphics chips are usually less powerful than graphics cards that are manufactured and installed separately. Another drawback is that the chips are not as easily swappable as graphics cards.

Advantages
  • High boost clock frequency
  • Integrated graphics
  • Intel Optane memory support
Deficiency
  • No cooler included in the box version
5. RYZEN 7 3800x powered CPU from AMD
  • CPU Manufacturer AMD
  • CPU Model Unknown
  • CPU Speed ​​4.5 GHz
  • Sockel AM4 CPU socket
  • Xbox Platforms
  • Secondary cache 4 MB
  • Watts 105
  • Cache size 32
  • Number of processors 8
With eight cores, the AMD RYZEN 7 3800X CPU offers plenty of computing power. Which is at 07.07. The processor launched in the market in 2019 generates 16 threads and supports hyperthreading. The base clock rate is 3.9 gigahertz. With uptime the CPU reaches a maximum performance clock speed of up to 4.5 gigahertz. The total L1 cache is 512 kilobytes. The total L2 cache is 4 megabytes and the total L3 cache is 32 megabytes.

AMD RYZEN 7 3800X CPU for overclockingApproved. If you wish, you can use the AMD RYZEN Master overclocking software to rated the individual core speeds and turn off the individual cores if desired. The maximum temperature of the processor is specified as 95 degrees Celsius.

How to find out the built-in motherboard socket? Various free utilities indicate which processor socket is installed on the mainboard. Or, the registry provides information about the socket type. This guide explains how to do this after the CPU comparison.

As a box version, a cooler is included in the box – as usual with AMD. The CPU air cooler is equipped with transparent fins and an RGB LED light ring. Gamers especially enjoy the controllable lighting and coloring effects creating a dynamic rainbow effect. Since the AMD Wraith Prism cooler supports Razer Chroma, it reacts dynamically to game actions and events when activating game effects.

The chipset is connected to other components such as graphics cards via the PCI Express version PCIe 4.0 interface. It supports DDR4 memory type and it is possible to occupy two memory channels. This CPU is compatible with Windows 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Ubuntu operating systems - in 64-bit editions respectively.

Advantages
  • Box version with cooler
  • CPU cooler with RGB LED light ring
  • Strong
Deficiency
  • No integrated graphics unit
6. Intel CPU Core i5-9400F
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • Core i5 . CPU Models
  • CPU Speed ​​4.1 GHz
  • LGA 1151 . CPU socket
  • Windows Platforms
  • Secondary cache 9 MB
  • Watts 65
  • 9 . cache size
  • Number of processors 6
The Core i5-9400F CPU is Intel's 9th generation processor codenamed Coffee Lake-R - a refresh of the product previously called Coffee Lake. The CPU was introduced in the first quarter of 2019. Six cores and six threads are the main specifications of the compute unit. Other features include a base clock frequency of 2.9 gigahertz and a maximum clock speed thanks to increased clocking with Intel Boost technology up to 4.1 gigahertz.

Up to 40 lanes for faster data transfer: Processor supports PCIe 3.0 for up to 40 lanes. In general, more lines means more data transport or higher bandwidth and higher transmission speed.

The FCLGA1151 socket is suitable as a socket. Before buying, it is recommended to find out which sockets are on the mainboard manually or through special software. The socket can only accommodate one CPU. This is important to know for those who want to connect multiple CPUs.

The cooler is not included with the processor, although this is a boxed version. The graphics card must also be purchased and installed separately. Unlike many other Intel processors, this CPU is not equipped with graphics. If you continue to use the same applications on your PC, you will benefit from the CPU's Intel Optane memory support. Frequently used programs start up faster.

Advantages
  • Supports up to 40 lanes for more bandwidth
  • Supports Intel Optane memory
  • Relatively cheap
Deficiency
  • No Hyper Threading
  • Not cooler though the box version
  • No graphics chipset
7. AMD RYZEN 5 1600 . CPU
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • CPU Model A Series A8
  • CPU speed 65
  • Sockel AM4 CPU socket
  • Windows Platforms
  • 1GB secondary cache
  • Watts 65
  • 1 . cache size
  • Number of processors 2
With six cores, the AMD RYZEN 5 1600 CPU supports twelve threads, Hyper-Threading is rendered. The base clock rate is 3.2 gigahertz. The processor reaches a maximum clock speed of up to 3.6 gigahertz. If that's not enough, use overclocking with the built-in RYZEN Master software. The manufacturer has approved the CPU for this. The total L1 cache is 576 kilobytes, the L2 cache is 3 megabytes, and the total L3 cache is 16 megabytes.

AMD RYZEN 5 1600 sits in socket AM4. The compute unit consumes 65 watts of power and must not exceed the maximum temperature of 95 degrees Celsius during operation. This is confirmed by the Wraith Spire cooler that comes with a box version of the processor. Unlike the AMD Wraith Prism cooler, the cooling system is not equipped with LEDs for lighting effects. The processor supports DDR4 memory types with a maximum memory clock frequency of up to 2,667 megahertz.

What happens if the CPU overheats? With an excessive load on the CPU and at the same time insufficient cooling, there is a risk that the processor will overheat. To prevent this from happening, first the fan speed is raised above a certain temperature. The value of Tcontrol specified by the manufacturer is decisive. If the fan is not providing sufficient cooling, the next step is automatic clock rate throttling. If the CPU continues to overheat, the processor cuts power and shuts itself down.

Advantages
  • Strong
  • Radiator included in box version
Deficiency
  • No integrated graphics chip
8. CPU Intel Core i9-11900
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • Core i9 . CPU Models
  • CPU speed 2.5 GHz
  • LGA 1200 . CPU socket
  • Windows Platforms
  • Secondary cache 16 MB
  • Watts 65
  • Cache size 16
  • Number of processors 8
The Intel Core i9-11900 CPU is from the eleventh generation. Its code name is Rocket Lake. The CPU was introduced in the first quarter of 2021. With eight cores and 16 threads Hyper Threading is possible. The base clock frequency of the processor is 2.5 gigahertz, the maximum turbo clock frequency (clock speed) is 5.20 gigahertz. The Intel Smart Cache is 16 megabytes in size. The CPU can manage a maximum of 128 gigabytes of memory. The memory type is DDR4 possible with a maximum memory clock frequency of 3,200 megahertz.

A separate graphics card is not absolutely necessary if a Core i9-11900 processor is on the mainboard. Because the CPU from Intel comes with a graphics chip – namely Intel UHD graphics 750 with a basic clock frequency of 350 megahertz. The graphics chip accesses 64 gigabytes of video memory and 4K support is meant to ensure a sharp display on the monitor.

How is overclocking done? a CPU? The manufacturer decides whether overclocking is possible. Most processors are approved for overclocking. Both Intel and AMD each provide their own software to manipulate the clock speed of their processors. However, when using the manufacturer's own software, overclocking is at your own risk and the manufacturer's warranty is voided by manipulation.

The processor uses PCI Express version 4.0 with a maximum of 16 PCI Express lanes. The FCLGA1200 socket is required for the CPU to fit on the mainboard. Only one CPU fits in this socket, multiple processors can't work together. The cooler is included with the box version of Intel's Core i9-11900 CPU. The processor supports adaptive Intel Optane memory, which means that frequently started applications are available more quickly. Processor cannot be overclocked.

Advantages
  • Very good performance
  • Integrated graphics chip
  • Supports Intel Optane memory
Deficiency
  • With eight cores, this is definitely a disadvantage compared to the latest AMD models
  • Cannot be overclocked
9. CPU AMD RYZEN 7 3700X
  • CPU Manufacturer AMD
  • CPU Model Unknown
  • CPU Speed ​​4.4 GHz
  • Sockel AM4 CPU socket
  • Windows Platforms
  • Secondary cache 4 MB
  • Watts 65
  • Cache size 32
  • Number of processors 8
The AMD RYZEN 7 3700X CPU is equipped with eight cores, each of which can switch between two tasks while processing commands. 16 threads possible. In turbo mode, the clock rate can be increased from 3.6 gigahertz to 4.4 gigahertz. If that's not enough, overclock the processor. AMD has approved the CPU for this and is providing its own software for overclocking with RYZEN Master ready.

 Fast memory: RYZEN 7 3700X supports DDR4 memory type with a maximum memory clock frequency of up to 3,200 megahertz, which is a high value in comparison and speaks for fast main memory. Memory clock frequency generally affects graphics card performance, among other things.

The total L1 cache is 512 kilobytes, L2 cache and L3 cache are 4 megabytes and 32 megabytes, respectively. The processing unit requires an AM4 socket and supports PCIe 4.0. With regard to the power supply unit installed in the computer, the 65 watt AMD RYZEN 7 3700X CPU power consumption must be taken into account.

The maximum temperature of the processor is 95 degrees Celsius. The cooler included in the box version is meant to prevent temperature from being exceeded at full load. AMD has chosen the Wraith Prism cooler as the cooling solution for the processor. The specialty of this CPU cooler is the transparent fins combined with the RGB LED light ring.

Advantages
  • High memory clock frequency
  • Box version with cooler
  • Cooler with RGB LED light ring
Deficiency
  • No integrated graphics
10. CPU Intel Core i3 10320
  • Intel CPU Manufacturer
  • Intel Core i3 CPU models
  • CPU speed 3.8 GHz
  • LGA1200 . CPU socket
  • Secondary cache 8 MB
  • Watts 65
  • Cache size 8
  • Number of processors 1
The Core i3 series from Intel is an attractive option, especially for price-conscious buyers. The performance of the Intel Core i3 10320 processor is sufficient for systems intended for office work, the Internet, or multimedia. You can also play games with this CPU, but the central processing unit is nowhere near the value of the much more expensive CPUs of the i7 or i9 series.

Good price/performance ratio: Core i3 series processors are characterized by an excellent price/performance ratio. The graphics chip is already integrated in the Intel Core i3 10320 CPU, which makes purchasing a separate graphics card redundant or at least avoidable.

The Core i3 10320 has four cores and runs at a base clock of 3.80 gigahertz. In turbo mode, the CPU reaches an impressive 4.6 gigahertz. 8 megabytes of cache are available and the maximum memory size supported is 128 gigabytes of DDR4 RAM with a maximum of two memory channels at a bandwidth of 41.6 gigabytes per second. An integrated graphics ship, an Intel UHD 630 graphics chip is used here, whose resolutions up to 4096 x 2160 pixels are supported. The suitable socket is FCLGA1200. A suitable processor cooler is included in the box version of the CPU.

Advantages
  • Box version with cooler
  • Integrated graphics chip
Deficiency
  • Not suitable for gamers

What are CPUs?

CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, which means the central processing unit. Other common names are central processing unit, processor unit, main processor or simply processor. Colloquially, a CPU is sometimes referred to as a computing core, which is not quite true.

The CPU is the processing and control center, or heart and brain of a computer. It controls all important processes. A CPU can consist of several cores called processors. This is the CPU processing unit. They work in parallel but independently of each other. Multiple cores in a processor means more computing power.

In a computer, the CPU is a separate component. It is plugged into a socket, which in turn is on the motherboard sitting. The connection between the socket and the processor is made using many small pins, called pins. Windows PCs have the option to replace the processor. With Apple computers, changing to a different processor is not easy. The CPU in Apple devices is soldered, such as laptops or mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.

Modern CPUs are mostly called microprocessors. These are processors in which all the processor circuits are housed on a microchip or single circuit. Before the microchip was invented by Intel in 1971, processors could fill larger cabinets.

CPU structure - how does the processor work?

A CPU consists of several elements. The main components of the processor perform different tasks.

Control unit: The control unit, also known as the program control unit or control unit and in specialist circles, the control unit or CU, controls the processing of CPU commands. It receives and translates instructions from processor memory and performs tasks. In addition, the control unit is responsible for coordinating the other components of the processor and the various components of the computer.

Arithmetic Logic Unit: Arithmetic logic unit has the abbreviation ALU for Arithmetic Logic Unit. As the name suggests, the ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is told how to perform this operation by instructions from the control unit, which are sent to the data in the CPU registers.

It is important to know that computers work with a binary system. All arithmetic operations or all mathematical calculations are performed in a binary system. In addition, logical operations (decisions that the CPU makes based on calculations) are represented in a binary system and implemented in electrical circuits. Circuits are also based on a binary system, they only know two states: According to the numbers 1 and 0, they are on and off.

What is a binary system? It is also called dual system or two system. The binary system has only two states and only two digits, 0 and 1. All numbers are represented by two digits in a form called binary numbers. For computers, the binary system is the basis for information processing and data transmission. Bit stands for binary digits are the digits of a binary number or binary sequence and the smallest unit of binary information.

CPU registers: CPU registers serve as buffers for data to be processed. Memory works at breakneck speed.

Bus: The data bus is the connection between units connected to the rear derailleurs. The processor bus is used to transfer information and is a high-speed data path. They transfer instructions and data in the CPU between the various components of the processor, for example between the ALU and CPU registers.

Clock cycle

The CPU works according to a certain scheme. The clock cycle consists of four steps:
  1. Fetch: Translated from English, fetch means to take. The processor does this in the first step. The CPU register stores all commands sent from the program to the processor. Since several million commands are regularly sent to the CPU, it manages all commands as soon as they arrive. The CPU knows where to find the next instruction to process. First, the processor fetches instructions from memory.
  2. Decode: Instructions come from a program in a "language" that the CPU must first decode. It translates instructions and translates them into its own machine language.
  3. Execute: Once the command is fetched and decoded, the real task of the control unit begins. It moves data back and forth, calculates, calculates, and makes decisions. If the calculations are mathematical, they are delegated to an arithmetic logic unit.
  4. Writeback: The step name translation describes what happens now - the result of the Execute process is returned to memory.
This all happens during one clock cycle. CPU work can be compared to assembly line work, with a defined high clock speed. After all, no one wants to wait long for a program to execute input. clock frequency or clock rate is therefore an important variable in relation to processor speed.

Processor related terms are explained in an understandable way

Many terms related to CPU are already explained in the text and in the glossary. This section describes some of them in more detail or provides explanations for other processor-related terms.
  • Socket: A socket is a slot for the CPU on the motherboard. AMD and Intel sockets differ significantly.
The socket must match the processor. AMD and Intel processors differ among other things in the pin position. With AMD CPUs, the contact pins are attached to the processor. It is plugged into the socket. Intel processors, on the other hand, do not have their own pins. Instead, the pins for plugging in the CPU are located directly on the socket.
  • Processor core: The processor core – known as the core – forms the central processing unit of the CPU. This includes the arithmetic logic unit, CPU registers and control unit. An interrupt decoder, cache, floating point unit, and memory management unit (a unit that manages memory) are optionally housed in the core. Modern processors have more than one core. The term multi-core or multi-core processor means a microprocessor with more than one complete processor core on the chip.
  • Throttling: Throttling means to miss a certain beat. The purpose of throttling is to protect the processor from overheating. If the clock rate is not fully exhausted, less heat is generated. The point at which the CPU starts to throttle is set: If the temperature is close to the maximum value of the junction, the processor throttles - it throttles. A 75 percent slowdown, for example, means missing three of the four bars. If the throttling is not enough to cool the processor temperature well below the critical mark, the CPU shuts down.
  • FLOPS: FLOPS is a term that only appeals to absolute tech enthusiasts. However, it sometimes appears in connection with the CPU. FLOPS has nothing to do with CPU errors, but stands for so-called floating point operations per second. FLOPS measures the probability of floating point operations per second. A floating-point number or an equal-dot number refers to the representation of a number in exponential notation - for example 1.45 x 10⁶ notation, not 1.45 million. The only thing that is of interest to the user is that the higher the specified FLOPS value of the CPU, the faster the processor.
  • IPC: IPC is the unit and stands for Instructions per Cycle. IPC indicates how many instructions the processor executes in one clock cycle.
  • Benchmark: Benchmark is an English term and means scale. Benchmarking is a standard process. It identifies performance characteristics and compares them. Benchmarks are used to compare individual PCs or computer components - for example the processor, graphics card, or storage media such as a hard drive.
  • Integrated graphics card: For a computer to display anything at all, it needs a graphics card. Without components, the screen remains black. If the graphics unit is permanently installed in the CPU, you do not need to install a separate graphics card. This saves space in the housing, which is why this solution is often used in laptops. Disadvantages of integrated graphics cards: No dedicated video memory.

Important for gamers: If you want to run complex games on PC, you should not only pay attention to a powerful CPU. The integrated graphics unit (graphics chipset) is not sufficient for a smooth game display in most cases. Newer PC games like Call of Duty are no fun because they stutter and the game crashes sometimes. You need to install the "correct" or dedicated and powerful graphics card.

  • Box and tray: Processors are commercially available in box and tray versions. The box version comes in a stylish original packaging. The tray version is poorly packaged. Delivery is made in an unadorned cardboard box. Packaging is not the only difference between the two versions. Box CPUs are slightly more expensive, but manufacturers usually offer a 3-year warranty. In addition, processors often come with a cooler - the cooler can be purchased separately for the tray version. Another disadvantage of the tray version: it may return, but this is not visible when you buy it.

Which CPU for what purpose?

With so many different processor options, ordinary people can quickly go wrong and choose a CPU that doesn't meet their own requirements. If the processor is too large, the investment will be higher than necessary. If the CPU is too weak, it quickly reaches its limit. Then certain programs run very slowly or not at all. That's why it's important when choosing a computer core to consider the tasks that little computing wonders are supposed to do. The following is a brief overview of the different types of processors with their advantages and disadvantages.

Office CPU

Office PCs are designed to run office applications. Anyone who just does daily work with a computer does not need a lot of computing power and speed. You can surf the web or compose an email with a cheap processor. Using a text or spreadsheet program or watching a video works without delay.

What is a single core? The term single-core can be confusing because it now has two meanings - at least when used incorrectly. Single-core processors, CPUs with only one core, are often referred to as single-core. But sometimes single-core is used as an abbreviation for single-core performance or single-core power. This means something else. Single-core performance provides information about the performance of single-core CPUs with multiple cores - multi-core processors.

There are almost no CPUs with only one core, so-called single-core processors, they are considered outdated and are rarely found. However, a processor with two cores is sufficient for an everyday or office PC. Simple processors have their advantages. They are inexpensive and low in power consumption and heat generation. Complex cooling such as water cooling is not required.

Everyday & Office CPU Pros & Cons

Advantages
  • Inexpensive
  • Low power consumption
  • Low heat generation
  • Enough for simple application
Deficiency
  • Usually not enough for games
  • Demanding programs don't run or just run very slowly
  • Not future proof
Multimedia CPU

If you want to edit images or crop videos on your computer, you need a processor with high computing power. In addition to high performance, multimedia CPUs are characterized by their speed. Both are indispensable for extensive graphic work.

A processor suitable for multimedia work must have at least six cores. A lot of computing power means hunger for energy. Processors usually consume a lot of power and heat. They are also more expensive than office CPUs.

Advantages & disadvantages of multimedia CPU

Advantages
  • Strong
  • Support for complex programs
  • Ideal for multimedia applications
  • Future proof
Deficiency
  • Expensive
  • High to very high power consumption
Gaming CPU

If you want to play complex games on PC, you need a gaming CPU. The processor allows for smooth gaming without jerking if other components such as the graphics card are powerful enough. A game processor has at least four cores. More important than core count is individual core performance, known in technical jargon as single core performance.

Pros and cons of gaming CPU

Advantages
  • Supports a variety of complex games that require high computing power
  • Future proof
  • High single and multi-core performance
Deficiency
  •     High power consumption
What else does a gaming PC need besides a fast CPU?

Gamers in particular pay attention to the performance of certain computer components, not just a fast CPU. The mainboard is the basic building block of every computer. Gamers often prefer AMD processors. Thus, the choice fell on the main board equipped with the appropriate sockets.

If you prefer to play complex games on your PC, you should also make sure that you have enough RAM. Flash memory is called faster than hard disk memory. Data and running programs reside in memory. More memory doesn't just mean shorter loading times. It allows multitasking parallel use of multiple programs.

In addition to the processor unit, the main focus of PC gaming is on the graphics card. It must be strong to ensure smooth play. A good graphics card can only provide attractive graphics if the monitor can display the appropriate image. A prerequisite for a smooth display is that the screen displays up to 144 frames per second - a 144 Hertz monitor.

In addition, SSD hard drives are recommended as storage in gamers' PCs. PCs and programs start up faster from so-called solid-state disks (SSDs) than from HDDs (hard disk drives), which read data from a rotating magnetic disk.

AMD or Intel CPU comparison – no questions for gamers?

For a long time, AMD and Intel were roughly equal in favor of gamers in the CPU rating. For a short time, Intel had the upper hand. In 2017 AMD won the race by introducing the RYZEN generation. RYZEN processors cannot compete with Intel when it comes to single-core performance.

However, in benchmarking, AMD CPUs perform better than Intel processors and convince with top marks in processor comparisons. High multi-core performance. Price is also an aspect that shouldn't be overlooked: AMD processors cost about half the price of Intel CPUs with the same number of cores.

Attractive to professional gamers: Only professional gamers can put Intel above AMD processors in their CPU rankings. Because it is combined with proprietary graphics card solutions, for example when using multiple graphics cards at the same time, CPUs from Intel bring a bit more performance.

Moore's Law only explains

Moore's Law goes back to the American engineer Gordon Earle Moore. As early as 1965, Intel's co-founders predicted that the number of transistors that could be inserted into an integrated circuit of a given size would double every year. The term "Moore's Law" was coined by the American sculptor Andress Mead in 1970. The electrical engineer is one of the pioneers of modern microelectronics.

Incidentally, Moore corrected his original statement in 1975. According to him, the number of transistors in a microprocessor should double every 18 to 24 months. However, Moore's Law does not only mean the doubling of electronic circuits in the processor in a given cycle. At the same time, Moore predicts that component costs will fall, making processors affordable to the general public.

To date, Moore's law has not lost its validity. However, experts suspect that one day it will reach its limit – namely the physical limit. Rapid progress is not possible in the long term. The first mass-produced processor, the Intel 4004 from 1971, had 2,300 transistors installed. Today's CPUs have several hundred million electronic circuits. Roughly every 2 years, manufacturers AMD and Intel bring a new processor to the market.

When does CPU temperature get too high?

Often there are three standard values ​​for temperature:
  1. Processor temperature should not be warmer than 30 to 50 degrees Celsius at idle or with low CPU load.
  2. CPU can reach temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius under heavy load, maximum load.
  3. Depending on the model, the temperature should not exceed 100 degrees Celsius.
These guidelines are quite general. Actually different values ​​are relevant. When using it, some technical terms are important for temperature measurement. However, the explanation of the technical terminology is simple. Since persistently high temperatures have a negative effect on CPU life, this guide covers this topic and cooling options in detail.

Processor temperature related terms

Various sensors built into the processor continuously monitor the temperature. The temperature measured on the processor heat spreader is called Tcase. This is only of interest to processor manufacturers. This value is used for further processor development.

The temperature in the core is called the tjunction. The term Tcontrol describes the desired temperature. If the measured temperature is above the Tcontrol value, the fan will increase its speed – until it drops below the Tcontrol value again. conjunctionMax means the core temperature at which the core is constrained. More precisely, in this case the power supply to the CPU is cut off. Simply put, this means the processor is turned off.

What affects CPU temperature?

The temperature that the CPU reaches doesn't just depend on the processor and load. Cooling efficiency is also relevant. Not only CPU cooling is intended, but case ventilation as well. If the heat is not dissipated properly, it will accumulate in the computer case. Plus, the CPU isn't the only heat source in the case.

Powerful graphics cards generate heat as well as heat the inside of the computer. Last but not least, ambient temperature plays a role. If the PC is in a warm room or next to a heater, the cooling of a fully charged CPU quickly reaches its limit.

What should not be forgotten is the power supply of the computer. So hot that it has its own cooling system with fan. The fan transports heat away from the computer through specially designed air slots or curves. If the power pack is not cooled, the computer will overheat and shut down after a while.

What temperature can the CPU withstand?

How hot a CPU gets without breaking down varies from model to model. In terms of heat resistance, AMD and Intel processors are not significantly different. Some examples:
  • Tjunction Max for Intel Kaby Lake is generally given as 100 degrees Celsius.
  • The power-efficient Kaby Lake T model, identified by a "T" after the CPU number, reaches the intersection depending on the model. Maximum between 80 and 92 degrees Celsius.
  • AMD sets the maximum temperature for most RYZEN models as 95 degrees Celsius.
  • The exception is the RYZEN 2xxxGE (Raven Ridge) CPU with a maximum temperature of 105 degrees Celsius.
What types of cooling are there?

High temperatures permanently shorten processor life. It is therefore important to ensure that not only the processor is sufficiently cooled, but also the entire system. It may need to be changed to a different type of cooling.

Caution: An overheating CPU causes a system crash or, in the worst case, complete failure.

There are three types of coolers used in processors and other computer components. The goal of effective CPU cooling is to keep the processor temperature well below the Tjunction Max value, or at least maintain it - to protect the processor from damage and to avoid clock rate throttling. Otherwise, a loss of speed will occur.
  • Passive cooling: With passive cooling, the heat sink, for example in a processor, absorbs heat and radiates it to the environment. Fan not available. The cooler does not actively conduct absorbed heat away from the CPU, but only releases it into the environment.
  • Active cooling: With active cooling, the heat sink absorbs the waste heat from the CPU and the fans actively expel warm air from the processor. Warm air flows out of the housing through the ventilation slots, which is why it is important to keep the slots dust free and not to cover them.
  • Water cooling: Water cooling is an active cooling system, but it does not require a fan. One heat sink sits on the processor, the other sits on the inside of the PC case. The latter are called radiators and have multiple blades that increase their surface and area of ​​contact with the environment. The two heat sinks are connected to the hose through which the water is pumped. It absorbs waste heat from the processor and transports it to the radiator. He gave it to the environment. A small fan guides warm air out of the case. The cooled water then flows back into the CPU to absorb the waste heat again.
It is recommended to cool the graphics card separately and effectively. Often the error is made without cooling the graphics card with a view to the development of the desired minimum noise. Graphics card enthusiasts can develop a very high level of noise that can be annoying when using a computer for long periods of time.

Tips: If your CPU and graphics card frequently need to work properly, removing the PC case can help eliminate heat build-up and ensure better heat dissipation. The disadvantage is that fan noise increases PC volume.

Before you buy – which CPU is right for you?

CPU is an important component when it comes to computer speed and performance. To find the best processor for your own needs, there are a few things to consider before you buy.
  1. Compatibility: CPU must match the mainboard. Processors from AMD and Intel differ in pin position. While the contact pins on AMD processors are attached to the CPU, the pins on Intel are in the socket. The CPU socket must match the mainboard socket accordingly.
  2. Purpose: An important aspect when choosing a unit of computation is the primary purpose of the computer. If most office work has to be done, a cheap two-core processor will suffice. Hyper Threading is not necessary. The situation is different when a multimedia application that is predominantly computationally intensive such as video editing is to be run. The CPU must have at least six cores. Hyperthreading is indispensable for fast and smooth processing of graphics applications. Gamers appreciate smooth gameplay. Therefore, complex games need not only a powerful graphics card. The processor must enable the appropriate computing power. Four cores is the minimum. Single core performance is critical.
  3. Number of cores: Four cores are currently considered sufficient for a gaming CPU. If you mainly use your PC for gaming, you should pay attention to the high clock speed of each core. Future computer games will probably require six or eight cores. More cores are future proof. The following already applies to video, audio, and image processing programs: the more cores, the better. The same is true if several programs are frequently running concurrently. Computing power is required here and Hyper-Threading is an advantage.
  4. Clock frequency: Clock speed provides only limited information about CPU speed. Newer models often come with lower clock speeds and still carry more speed than older processors with higher clock rates due to modern chip architectures.
  5. Cooling performance: To prevent the CPU from overheating or shutting down, components must be adequately cooled. AMD processors require up to 250 watts of cooling capacity. Intel CPUs are a bit more frugal, they have a cooling capacity of up to 165 watts. Ideally, cooling works effectively, but as quietly as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions about CPU

Find out the CPU – which processor is installed in the computer?

If you don't know which processor is installed in your computer, you can find out very easily. The easiest way is through the [Windows] + [Pause] key combination in system overview. However, not all keyboards have a pause button.

In this case, right-clicking the small Windows symbol in the lower-left corner of the screen will do the trick. A context menu will appear, click "System" to open settings. By clicking "Info" in the left menu, device information will be displayed - including the processor installed.

How fast is the installed CPU?

The current processor clock can be read on a Windows computer in the task manager. It is possible to open the program independently of the installed version of Windows with the key combination [Ctrl] + [Shift] + [Esc]. Under the "Performance" tab there is an item "CPU", where the current CPU speed is displayed. You can also find other interesting information about CPUs here, for example:
  • Cache level
  • Number of cores
  • Current CPU Usage
  • Process being handled by CPU
  • Number of active threads
How to read processor temperature?

There are two ways to display the CPU temperature: with additional software or with the BIOS. There are many programs, some of which are free, that display and monitor processor temperatures. Some offer mainboard manufacturers the appropriate software for free download on their websites, which displays the CPU temperature, among other things.

Alternatively, the BIOS displays the CPU temperature. Pressing the [F1], [F2] or [Del] key while the computer is turned on – which key is correct depends on the manufacturer – will call up the BIOS. Depending on the BIOS version and manufacturer, the desired information is hidden under "Hardware Monitor", "H/W Monitor", "PC Health", "Health" or similar entries. With the appropriate entry, the processor temperature is displayed under "CPU Temperature".

What is meant by BIOS? BIOS stands for basic input/output system and is part of the operating system as software on the mainboard. The BIOS contains all the basic functions of the operating system and is located on a small chip on the mainboard. This starts the start of the operating system.

What to do if CPU temperature is too high?

If the processor gets very hot, the temperature must be lowered to avoid damage and complete failure. The first step to lowering the operating temperature is to turn off the computer. Removing the casing cover allows the accumulated heat to dissipate better. Cleaning the ventilation slots of dust and dirt will prevent the processor from overheating gradually in the future. If heat can't escape the case, it builds up and quickly causes multiple hardware components to overheat, not just the CPU.

A vacuum cleaner works well for this. The vacuum cleaner is not suitable for cleaning fans and fine fins. It is better to use a compressed air spray with a pipe attachment. Soft brush gently removes dust from fans and circuit boards.

What causes are responsible for excessive temperature? Apart from high ambient temperatures, poor cooling, or heat accumulation in the case, a faulty CPU can be the cause of heat problems. Therefore it is necessary to test the processor for errors. There are many small programs for this purpose. The software in use may overload the CPU. Then a new processor that meets the requirements solves the problem.

Increase CPU performance - how to overclock the processor?

best CPU


Both Intel and AMD provide their CPUs with specified clock speeds. With this clock frequency the processor works reliably and stably in the long run. However, there is a spare, so dealing with overclocking a little more performance can be stripped away from the CPU.

Higher clock frequencies also mean higher power consumption - and a higher power supply also means more heat build-up. Because the conversion of electrical energy does not take place in motion or the like, but in heat. Cooler, the box version often included doesn't do enough to cool an overclocked CPU. If you want to tune your processor, you should think about sufficiently efficient cooling beforehand and purchase and install the appropriate product.

Modern processors shut themselves down for their own protection when they reach a certain temperature. This also happens with overclocked CPUs. However, the maximum clock rate should not be extracted in one step. It is better to increase the processor speed by 10 percent in small steps and see if the system is still running stably and safely. Automatic shutdown of the CPU from a preset temperature reliably prevents hardware damage. However, it does not protect against system crashes and possible related data loss.

Anyone who decides to overclock regardless of the risk and has maintained adequate cooling doesn't have to be a tech professional for CPU tuning. Intel and AMD provide special software that allows easy overclocking of the display:
  • With the Intel® Extreme Tuning Utility, Intel offers free software that monitors and tests the CPU and, if desired, overclocks it. System overview provides information about processor usage and temperature and provides information about main memory, graphics card, mainboard, and operating system. In the tuning area, individual adjustments of clock rate, voltage and turbo boost or boost clock settings take place.
  • If you want to overclock an AMD processor, you can do so with the AMD RYZEN Master overclocking tool - as long as the CPU has an AMD RYZEN processor installed. Hour rates can be set using software and manipulate core speeds individually. Access to the CPU also allows individual cores to be shut down.
Which mainboard socket is installed?

If you want to find out if a new processor is compatible with the installed mainboard, you have several options. The easiest way to get the information you want is to use specialized software, such as CPU-Z Portable or Speccy programs.

Alternatively, on Windows computers there is an option to read sockets through the registry. The registration database, as the registry is called, is the central configuration database for Windows. It contains all the important information for Windows and for the programs installed on it.

The registry editor is started by simultaneously pressing the [Windows key]+[R] key combination and then entering the command "regedit" without the quotes. To get the desired entry, the path HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE -> HARDWARE -> DESCRIPTION -> System -> BIOS must be opened in the left menu column. In the right column, the "BaseBoardProduct" entry provides information about the designation of the mainboard model. The motherboard manufacturer can be found under the "BaseBoardManufacturer" entry.

What is the difference between Hyper and Multi-Threading?

The term Hyper-Threading has taken the form of Intel, but today it is also common to non-Intel processors. The correct term is Simultaneous Multi Threading, or SMT for short. Hyper-Threading allows better utilization of the CPU core. If the core can only process one thread and has to wait for certain information, time is lost.

With Hyper-Threading, a core can have two or more threads editing at the same time. While waiting for certain data for a task, it switches to another thread and processes it. The core can switch between two or more threads, which means increased performance and speed.

The term multi-threading is often confused with hyper-threading, which is not entirely accurate. Simultaneous Addition does not exist. Multi-threading is used in programs or operating systems. Multiple threads are processed in parallel in one process. The prerequisite is that the operating system supports multi-threading. Multi-threading can even be done without CPU support.

Where can I buy a suitable CPU?

Stationary retail can be an important decision-making aid for gamers. Expert advisors can provide specific advice on finding the best processor for individual needs, or suggest a specific CPU. It is also possible to test the performance of the processor on site. In terms of price, however, stationary trading usually cannot compete with online trading.

In the CPU market, online trading is clearly ahead, not only because prices are often lower. In terms of quantity, the offer on the Internet cannot be terminated. In addition, the online platform provides a variety of dedicated and mostly self-explanatory information about the performance spectrum of each processor. The larger providers offer technical support for their customers.

Good, solid benchmarks are not uncommon on sites. This applies to independent information sites as well as to the manufacturer's information itself. Benchmarks usually allow direct comparison of processor values. Retail can't do that. Other advantages such as round-the-clock shopping or saving time on travel and waiting time favor purchasing on the Internet.

Who offers CPU?

In principle, two providers of PC processors define the market:
  1. AMD: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. is a US company. Companies in the semiconductor industry have headquarters in Santa Clara, California, and more than 35 locations worldwide. AMD serves the consumer and computing and communications industries. The company develops and sells comprehensive computer chipsets and chips, microprocessors, graphics processors, and chip solutions.
  2. Intel Corporation: The US semiconductor manufacturer is also headquartered in Santa Clara, California. Its European headquarters are in Munich. Among other things, Intel produces special microprocessors or CPUs, other types of microchips for computers, flash memory and WLAN and network cards. With its PC microprocessors, Intel has a global market share of about 80 percent.

Conclusion

Those are some of the best CPU recommendations for PCs on the market today. If there is something we have missed, you can add it via the comments menu below.

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